Signs and symptoms manifested by patients in palliative cancer care in homecare: integrative review
Signos y síntomas manifestados por pacientes en cuidados oncológicos paliativos en atención domiciliaria: una revisión integradora
Sinais e sintomas manifestados por pacientes em cuidados paliativos oncológicos na assistência domiciliar: uma revisão integrativa
Nair Caroline Cavalcanti de Mendonça Bittencourt; Karoliny Alves Santos; Maria Gefé da Rosa Mesquita; Vanessa Gomes da Silva; Audrei Castro Telles; Marcelle Miranda da Silva
Abstract
Objective: to identify the main signs and symptoms manifested by palliative care oncology patients in home care.
Method: integrative review in LILACS, MEDLINE and CINAHL databases in January 2020. The question was asked: “What are the main signs and symptoms manifested by patients in palliative oncology care highlighted in studies covering the context of the home?” Descriptors/terms were: Signs and Symptoms/Signs and Symptoms; Home Care/Home Care Services; Palliative Care/Palliative Care and Neoplasms/Neoplasms. Eligibility criteria were listed as follows: full text; between 2015 and 2019; in English, Portuguese or Spanish and adult age. For data mapping, the following were considered: title; country; year; objective; method; signs and symptoms. The results were categorized into subgroups, considering the predetermined conceptual classification (sign and symptom). The counting element facilitated the analysis and comparison of data.
Results: a total of 35 articles were selected, and 25 signs and 23 symptoms were identified. The most frequent were: pain, nausea/vomiting, dyspnea, fatigue, depression, anxiety, constipation, loss of appetite, sleepiness, well-being, and insomnia. Most (39) were related to the physical domain.
Conclusion: the identification of the main signs and symptoms, in this context, directs the practice of health professionals to the most appropriate interventions as early as possible, contributing to the feasibility of home care, and alerts to the need for continuing education on this topic.
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Resumo
Objetivo: identificar os principais sinais e sintomas manifestados por pacientes em cuidados paliativos oncológicos na assistência domiciliar.
Método: revisão integrativa nas bases LILACS, MEDLINE e CINAHL em janeiro de 2020. Perguntou-se: “Quais os principais sinais e sintomas manifestados por pacientes em cuidados paliativos oncológicos destacados nos estudos abrangendo o contexto do domicílio?”. Foram descritores/termos: Sinais e Sintomas/Signs and Symptoms; Assistência Domiciliar/Home Care Services; Cuidados Paliativos/Palliative Care e Neoplasias/Neoplasms. Elencaram-se como critérios de elegibilidade: texto completo; entre 2015 e 2019; em inglês, português ou espanhol e idade adulta. Para o mapeamento dos dados, consideraram-se: título; país; ano; objetivo; método; sinais e sintomas. Os resultados foram categorizados em subgrupos, considerando a classificação conceitual predeterminada (sinal e sintoma). O elemento contagem facilitou a análise e a comparação de dados.
Resultados: foram selecionados 35 artigos, sendo identificados 25 sinais e 23 sintomas. Os mais frequentes foram: dor, náusea/vômito, dispneia, fadiga, depressão, ansiedade, constipação, perda de apetite, sonolência, bem-estar e insônia. A maioria (39) relacionou-se ao domínio físico.
Conclusão: a identificação dos principais sinais e sintomas, neste contexto, direciona a prática dos profissionais de saúde para as intervenções mais adequadas e o mais precocemente possível, contribuindo para viabilizar a assistência domiciliar, e alerta para a necessidade de educação permanente sobre este tema.
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Referências
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Submetido em:
07/12/2020
Aceito em:
01/05/2020
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