Dia-D Program: propositional essay of an educational intervention for self-management in type 2 diabetes
Programa Dia-D: ensayo propositivo de una intervención educativa para el autocuidado en diabetes tipo 2
Programa Dia-D: ensaio propositivo de intervenção educativa para autogerenciamento em diabetes tipo 2
Maria Meimei Brevidelli; Cristiane Decat Bergerot; Edvane Birelo Lopes De Domenico
Abstract
Objective: to present the Diabetes em Dia (Dia-D) Program: an educational intervention for self-management in type 2 diabetes, focused on promoting healthy eating, being active, and taking medication, among adults with type 2 diabetes.
Method: a propositional essay of complex intervention based on two behavioral models: The ADCES7 Self-Care Behaviors™ (Association of Diabetes Care and Education Specialists); and the Behavior Change Wheel (BCW).
Results: BCW’s conceptual framework “Capability, Opportunity, Motivation-Behaviour (COM-B)” made it possible to define the determinants of target behaviors. Based on these, interventions were proposed, such as training, enablement, education, environmental restructuring, persuasion, service provision, guidelines, and communication. Behavior change techniques (demonstration and self-monitoring of behavior, information on health consequences, among others) underpinned the intervention content.
Final considerations and implications for practice: the theoretical models enabled the structuring of an educational intervention with an emphasis on proposing strategies for behavior modification, a central component in caring for people with diabetes. The relevance of adopting behavioral models in health education planning and the complex nature of the intervention design stand out.
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Resumen
Palabras clave
Resumo
Objetivo: apresentar o Programa Diabetes em Dia (Dia-D): uma intervenção educativa para autogerenciamento do diabetes tipo 2 focada em promover alimentação saudável, prática regular de atividade física e uso correto de medicamentos entre adultos com diabetes tipo 2.
Método: ensaio propositivo de intervenção complexa, fundamentado em dois modelos comportamentais: The ADCES7 Self-Care Behaviors™ (Associação de Especialistas em Cuidados e Educação em Diabetes); e Behaviour Change Wheel (BCW).
Resultados: a estrutura conceitual “Capability, Opportunity, Motivation-Behaviour (COM-B)” do BCW possibilitou a definição dos determinantes dos comportamentos-alvo. A partir desses, foram propostas as intervenções de treinamento, capacitação, educação, reestruturação ambiental, persuasão, provisão de serviços, diretrizes e comunicação. Técnicas de mudança de comportamento (demonstração e automonitorização do comportamento, informações sobre consequências de saúde, entre outras) alicercearam o conteúdo da intervenção.
Considerações finais e implicações para prática: os modelos teóricos possibilitaram a estruturação de intervenção educativa com ênfase na proposição de estratégias para modificação de comportamentos, componente central no cuidado a pessoa com diabetes. Destaca-se a relevância de adoção de modelos comportamentais no planejamento da educação em saúde e o caráter complexo no delineamento da intervenção.
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Referências
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Submetido em:
03/08/2022
Aceito em:
24/01/2023
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